Urology is a medical specialty that deals with the health of the urinary tract of both sexes. It includes treatments and procedures for disorders that affect the urinary tract, kidneys, urethra, and genitalia. Typically, urologists diagnose and treat conditions that affect the male reproductive system, including the prostate and penis. They can also treat female urinary tract conditions, such as bladder stones. Urologists often work in hospitals, private clinics, and urology centers. They also may specialize in a specific sub-discipline, such as pediatric urology.
What illnesses do urologists diagnose and treat?
Urologists diagnose and treat problems related to the urinary tract, including prostate cancer, kidney stones, and urinary tract infections. They can also perform surgery to treat these diseases. Urologists use minimally invasive methods, such as laser surgery, robotics, and endoscopes. Some urologists perform procedures in the office, while others specialize in surgeries that require an inpatient stay. Depending on the diagnosis, urologists may prescribe medications, recommend surgery, or recommend behavior training.
Tests and Procedures Urologists Perform
Urologists often use imaging tools to help diagnose disorders. Imaging tests may show abnormalities in the bladder, prostate, testes, and urethra. Imaging tests can also help the urologist detect conditions such as kidney disease and cancer. During a routine office visit, the urologist will perform a physical exam and a series of diagnostic tests. The tests may include blood work, urine tests, and imaging tests. They may also use questionnaires to assess the severity of the disease.
The male reproductive system includes the testes, vas deferens, epididymis, and penis. When a male has problems with his fertility, he may undergo a seminogram. This test is performed to see if the testes are enlarged or inflamed. Urologists also use ultrasounds to diagnose problems with the prostate gland and testicles. They also perform circumcisions for religious or cultural reasons.
When a urologist determines that a patient has a genitourinary disorder, they may prescribe medications, surgery, or recommend behavior training. They may also help patients through kidney dialysis treatment or kidney transplant issues.
Urologists often use procedures that require a local anesthetic. Cystoscopy is one of the more invasive procedures, but it allows the urologist to see the inside of the bladder. A cystoscopy uses a thin scope that is inserted into the urethra. A urologist can also use ultrasound to check the bladder for bladder stones or other problems.
Years of Training for Urologists
Urology is a very specialized medical field, and a urologist must complete about 10 years of training to become a physician. Urologists typically complete four years of medical school and six years of residency training.
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